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🔑:1. Air pollution from vehicle emissions and industrial activity. 2. Urban heat islands due to lack of green spaces. 3. Waste management problems due to increasing population and consumption.

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🔑:1. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). 2. Grease and flour two 9-inch round cake pans. 3. In a bowl, mix 1¾ cups flour, 1¾ cups sugar, ¾ cup cocoa powder, 1½ tsp baking powder, 1½ tsp baking soda, and 1 tsp salt. 4. Add 2 large eggs, 1 cup milk, ½ cup vegetable oil, and 2 tsp vanilla extract. Mix until smooth. 5. Divide the batter between the pans and bake for 30-35 minutes. 6. Let cool, then frost as desired.

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🔑:Supply and demand is a fundamental economic concept that describes how the quantity of a good or service available (supply) relates to the desire of consumers to purchase it (demand). Prices typically rise when demand exceeds supply and fall when supply exceeds demand.

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🔑:Jay Gatsby, the main character in "The Great Gatsby," is portrayed as mysterious, hopeful, and ambitious. He is deeply in love with Daisy Buchanan and is willing to go to great lengths to win her back, showcasing his idealism and vulnerability beneath his lavish exterior.

🧠1. The Earth revolves around the Sun. 2. Chocolate ice cream is the best flavor. 3. Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius. 4. Skiing is a better sport than snowboarding.

🔑:1. Factual 2. Opinion-based 3. Factual 4. Opinion-based

🧠She completed the project ahead of schedule.

🔑:She finished the project before the deadline.